Well, you've dealt with the rotor, stator and battery. Only one more thing in the charging loop: the regulator/rectifier. I agree with the Shiny Ribbed one: you won't see significant charging current at idle. It starts to roll in about 2000rpm, and should peak around 14-14.5 at 5000 to 6000 rpm. If the regulator were not working well, you'd get way more than that at 5k. I remember mine dying, and I was seeing 15-18v at the battery. Almost cooked it. Once I changed it out with a loaner, it runs just fine.
You might also check the diodes in the rectifier. There's a test in the FSM. You'll need an ohm meter to check the diodes: you should see very low resistance one way, and very high resistance when the leads are reversed.
Make sure your ground connections and battery connections are clean and tight as well. Also, check to see if something might be grounding out on your wiring harness.
I hope this helps. Keep us in the loop: maybe we can help some more.
Luke M
Used to have a 1979 CB750L, sold it as a parts bike, now riding a slightly modified 1984 VT700C. Network/Field Engineer. Central OH, USA, Earth, Sol System, Milky Way Galaxy, Universe.